Marston Moor: Order of Battle

The battle of Marston Moor was fought on 2 July 1644 between the Royalists and the allied Parliamentarians and Scots. It is reputed to have been the biggest battle ever fought in Britain. Five armies took part in the battle: the armies of Prince Rupert of the Rhine and the Marquis of Newcastle for the Royalists, and the Army of the Covenant, the Earl of Manchester's Eastern Association and Lord Fedinando Fairfax's Northern Association for the Allies. The battle was a major victory for the Allies and brought Royalist influence in the north of England to an end.

The Royalist Armies

The Army of Prince Rupert of the Rhine

Lord-General: Prince Rupert
Lieutenant-General of the Horse: John, Lord Byron
Sergeant-Major-General of Foot: Henry Tillier (taken prisoner)

The Horse

Prince Rupert's Lifeguard (c.150)
Prince Rupert's regiment of horse (c.500)
Lord Byron's regiment of horse (c.500)
Col. Marcus Trevor's regiment (c.300)
Sir John Hurry's regiment (c.400)
Sir William Vaughan's regiment (c.200)
Lord Molyneux's regiment (c.300)
Sir Thomas Tyldesley's regiment of horse (c.300)
Rowland Eyre's regiment (c.130)
John Frescheville's regiment of horse (c.160)
Thomas Leveson's regiment (c.200)

Dragoons

Col. Henry Washington (c.500)

The Foot

Prince Rupert's regiment of foot (1,000)
Lord Byron's regiment of foot (c.500)
Henry Warren's regiment (c.500)
Sir Michael Erneley's regiment (c.250)
Richard Gibson's regiment (250)
(Erneley's and Gibson's regiments brigaded together)
Henry Tillier's regiment (c.1,000: Tillier taken prisoner)
Robert Broughton's regiment (c.1,000)
Sir Thomas Tyldesley's regiment (c.1,000)
Edward Chisenall's regiment (c.1,000)
Henry Cheater's regiment (c.1,000)
John Frescheville's regiment
Rowland Eyre's regiment
John Millward's regiment
(Frescheville's, Eyre's and Millward's regiments brigaded together: c.500 men)

The Train of Artillery

16-20 pieces of artillery

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The Army of the Marquis of Newcastle

Lord General: WIlliam Cavendish, Marquis of Newcastle; (Lord Eythin as military adviser)
Lieutenant-General of the Horse: George Goring
Commissary-General: George Porter
Sergeant-Major-General of the Foot: Sir Francis Mackworth

The Horse

Sir Charles Lucas's brigade (c.1,100: Lucas taken prisoner)
Sir Richard Dacre's brigade (c.800: Dacre mortally wounded)
Sir William Blakistone's brigade (c.500)
Sir Edward Widdrington's brigade (c.400)
Samuel Tuke's regiment (c.200)
Sir Francis Carnaby's regiment (c.200)
Commissary-General George Porter's troop (c.60: Porter taken prisoner)
Marquis of Newcastle's lifeguard (Sir Thomas Metham: c.40)

The Foot

(3,000-4,000 soldiers in seven divisions)

Sir Philip Byron's regiment (Byron killed)
Cuthbert Conyer's regiment
Lord Eythin's regiment
Sir John Gerlington's regiment
John Hilton's regiment
Sir Richard Hutton's regiment
Richard Kirkebride's regiment
Sir William Lambton's regiment (Lambton killed)
John Lamplugh's regiment (Lamplugh wounded and taken prisoner)
Sir Marmaduke Langdale's regiment (?)
Lord Mansfield's regiment
Sir Thomas Metham's regiment
Marquis of Newcastle's regiment (the Whitecoats)
Sir Arthur Basset's regiment
Sir Charles Slingsby's regiment (Slingsby killed)
Sir Richard Strickland's regiment
Charles Towneley's regiment
Lord Widdrington's regiment

The York Garrison

Sir Thomas Glemham's regiment
John Belasyse's regiment
Sir Henry Slingsby's regiment

The Allied Armies

The Scottish Army of the Covenant

Lord-General: Alexander Leslie, Earl of Leven (senior Allied commander)
Lieutenant-General of the Horse: David Leslie
Lieutenant-General of the Foot: William Baillie
Sergeant-Major-General of the Foot: Sir James Lumsden
General of the Ordnance: Sir Alexander Hamilton

The Horse

Earl of Leven's regiment (Lord Balgonie c.350)
Earl of Dalhousie's regiment (c.350)
Earl of Eglinton's regiment (c.350)
Lieutenant-General David Leslie's regiment (c.350)
Earl of Balcarres' regiment (c.350)
Lord Kirkcudbright's regiment (c.350)

Dragoons

Col. Hugh Fraser (c.500)

The Foot

(The Scottish regiments of foot were brigaded in pairs at Marston Moor with c.1,500 men in each pair)

Lieutenant-General Baillie's brigade (vanguard)

The Fifeshire regiment (Earl of Crawford-Lindsay)
The Midlothian regiment (Viscount Maitland)

The Clydesdale regiment (Sir Alexander Hamilton)
The Edinburgh regiment (Colonel James Rae)

Sergeant-Major-General Lumsden's brigade (main battle)

The Loudon-Glasgow regiment (Earl of Loudon)
The Tweed-dale regiment (Earl of Buccleugh)

The Kyle and Carrick regiment (Earl of Cassilis)
The Nithsdale and Annandale regiment (William Douglas of Kilhead)

The Fifeshire regiment (Earl of Dunfermline)
The Strathearn regiment (Lord Coupar)

The Stirlingshire regiment (Lord Livingstone)
The Linlithgow and Tweed-dale regiment (The Master of Yester)

Rearguard (conjectural)

The Angus regiment (Viscount Dudhope)
The Minister's regiment (Sir Arthur Erskine of Scotscraig)

The Levied regiment (Lord Sinclair: unbrigaded: c.750)

The Train of Artillery

(Only the lighter guns were present at the battle)

8 brass demi-cannons
1 brass culverin
3 brass quarter-cannons
9 iron demi-culverins
48 brass demi-culverins

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Army of the Eastern Association

Lord-General: Edward Montagu, Earl of Manchester
Lieutenant-General of the Horse: Oliver Cromwell
Sergeant-Major-General of the Foot: Lawrence Crawford
General of the Ordnance: Thomas Hammond

The Horse

Earl of Manchester's regiment (Col. Algernon Sidney: c.700)
Lt-Gen Oliver Cromwell's regiment (Lt-Col. Edward Whalley c.800)
Bartholemew Vermuyden's regiment (c.350)
Charles Fleetwood's regiment (c.400)

Dragoons

Lt-Col. John Lilburne (c.500)

The Foot

Earl of Manchester's regiment (Lt-Col. Clifton: c.1,500)
Maj-Gen. Crawford's regiment (Lt-Col. Hamilton: c.800)
Sir Michael Hobart's regiment (c.900)
Francis Russell's regiment (c.1,000)
Edward Montagu's regiment (c.750)
John Pickering's regiment (c.750)

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Army of the Northern Association

Lord-General: Ferdinando, Lord Fairfax
Lieutenant-General of the Horse: Sir Thomas Fairfax

The Horse

(3,000 horse in 80 troops)

Lord Fairfax's regiment
Sir Thomas Fairfax's regiment
Charles Fairfax's regiment (Fairfax killed)
Hugh Bethell's regiment
John Lambert's regiment
Lionel Copley's regiment
Francis Boynton's regiment
Sir Thomas Norcliff's regiment

Dragoons

Thomas Morgan (c.500)

The Foot

(3,000 soldiers in four brigades)

Lord Fairfax's regiment
John Bright's regiment
Sir William Constable's regiment
Francis Lascelles's regiment
Robert Overton's regiment
Ralph Ashton's regiment
George Dodding's regiment
Alexander Rigby's regiment